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Using javascript to Include a html file inside another html file

When there is no server side functionality needed we create the whole site in plain html. Usually these sites have left/right side menu, top header, footer etc.. If the site grows in to 20, 30 pages, it will be a headache to do a simple change like changing footer text. We will have to change each page. If we were using a server side technology like PHP, JSP, etc.., we will have the chance to keep the common areas in the site in different pages and include these parts in each page using a “include” statements.




We can do the same thing with the plain old html and javascript.



But how?

First you need to create the site main layout using divs and give them unique ids.



<html>
<title>HTML Includes</title>
<script language="javascript" src="js/main.js"></script>
<script src="js/prototype.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script language="javascript" xml:space="preserve">
    // <![CDATA[
    Event.observe(window, 'load', loadCalls);
    // ]]>
</script>
<link type="text/css" href="css/main.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<body>
<div class="page-sizer">
    <div class="header" id="header"></div>
    <div><div class="leftMenu" id="leftMenu"></div><div class="content" id="content"></div></div>
    <span style="clear:both;" />
    <div class="footer" id="footer"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>



Also you'r gonna need a javascript library like prototype, Jquary, YUI. You don't have to have the whole library to do this. You only needs to have the files to make an ajax call. I am going to use prototype for my example but using other libraries wouldn't make much difference. So what I simply do is to access each div element and fetch it's content from a separate file and fill them. 




function loadCalls() {
    //Load the pages one by one to the divs
    loadPages('common-pages/footer.html','footer');
    loadPages('common-pages/header.html','header');
    loadPages('common-pages/leftMenu.html','leftMenu');
    loadPages('content/default.html','content');

}
function loadPages(path,loadToId){
     //IE cache the response when the request parameters are the same
    //So We send a random parameter weith the request
    var random = Math.floor(Math.random() * 2000);

    new Ajax.Request(path+'?rand=' + random,
    {
        method:'get',
        evalScripts: true,
        parameters:{random:random},
        onSuccess: function(transport) {
            document.getElementById(loadToId).innerHTML = transport.responseText;
        },
        onFailure: function() {
            setError('Problem with loading the file');
        }
    });
}

And from the menu file I am loading each page to the “content” div as follows.



<a onclick="loadPages('content/page01.html','content');">page1</a>

You can download the complete source code from here http://sites.google.com/site/chanaka3d/Home/html-include.zip?attredirects=0


Note: This method will not work in IE if you are not hosting it in a sever. But in Firefox it doesn't necessarily need a sever to work.

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